The Eisenstein And Architectural Montage Film Studies Essay

The Eisenstein And Architectural Montage Film Studies Essay From a chunk of earth a vessel is made, what makes it helpful is space inside the vessel, for a room, we make entryways and a window, however what makes a room livable is the vacant space, so while theres points of interest in the substantial, it is in the impalpable that theres use.â [1]â Lao Tzu, Tao Te Ching, c.550 BC Tzu portrays a space which isn't vacant yet which is a hole, a hole which is holding back to be changed by understanding. These spatial holes are intrinsic in discontinuity. In his book Actions of Architecture, Jonathan Hill focusses on these spatial holes and talks about the Chora L. Works by Jacques Derrida and Peter Eisenman. The book is part into three areas. It doesnt start toward the start nor does it end toward the end. The first and last areas are infiltrated by nine holes while the center segment has just theoretical gaps. Slope expresses the aim of this was to pass on that the nonattendance of an area doesnt mean the nonappearance of significance. In the book, Eisenmann and Derrida announce that strong and voids are engineering portrayals of essence and nonattendance. Voids have as a very remarkable nearness as solids in the book, as clients can fill in missing words with their own significance. Montage: In Actions of Architecture, Jonathan Hill talks about the utilization of montage in engineering. He utilizes Alvar Aaltos Sanatorium and Le Corbusiers 1931 housetop lofts for Charles de Beistegui as instances of structures where montage was utilized as a procedure for design organization. In Aaltos Sanatorium, montage is utilized as a methodology to join two divergent parts of the structure which have no association expect for being adjoining one another. Aalto accomplished this by using two unmistakable fragments.â [2]â In Le Corbusiers housetop lofts, the planner withdraws from his generally normal structure approach. Different surfaces of the loft are compared with components of the encompassing city. Significant pieces of the city are disengaged from the remainder of the urban setting underneath with the utilization of high dividers encompassing the border of the patio. By doing this, Le Corbusier twinned the chimney with the Arc de Triomphe in the far separation. The modeler uncovered chosen perspectives on the city with sliding dividers. A periscope in the middle was the main methods by which the whole city could be viewed as a spectacle.â [3]â Space Between: Slope clarifies montage as a spatial exercise where pieces are brought from different locales to another area while keeping up somewhat the substance of the more established area. He utilizes film to clarify this. In film, we see pieces through the course of action of parts. In Baldessaris work of art, the craftsman guarantees the procedure is as significant as the conclusive outcome. He compares irrelevant segments as he contradicts the consistency and linearity of film.â [4]â Jose Quetglas proposes that Mies is worried about the formation of visual viewpoint that goes about as a manual for movement. [5] A Miesian plan is essentially worried about compositional parts of point of view painting than that of the counter point of view goals of the De Stijl. Jonathan Jones, an analyst at the Applied Visual Research Unity in Derby University found that as indicated by his examination, it is difficult to grasp a canvas completely on the double. A solitary look isn't adequate to take in all things. Visual discernment is fragmentary in nature. Our visual field is very little so to concentrate on objects brings about the foundation getting obscured. Additionally in a movie by a montage chief, the world is seen through a progression of glances.â [6]â While structuring the Barcelona Pavilion, Mies drew a pivotal line again and again from which he estimated asymmetries against. [7] Mies orientated the Pavilion along an East West hub. Through end of hub and spaces, development was redirected. Mies utilized this procedure to plan development groupings. Zimmerman states development streams on the external of planes rather than the delimiting floor and roof planes. [8] Mies contrasts balance and asymmetry and cuts space with components of the structure which is normal for postmodernism.â [9]â In his book Neoclassicism Architecture Rowe examinations crafted by Mies. He expresses the middle is reduced by the worldwide style and accentuation is set on scattering along the pivot in which Mies makes an organization of adjusted symmetry. [10] The Pavilion is a case of disintegration of a volume which is deconstructed into singular planes. Through Mies Pavilion we see an attention on various review positions instead of a solitary point of view of the work of art. The places of inside dividers are dictated by the utilization of triangulated lines. Mies adjusts corners and end purposes of planes utilizing this technique. [11] His consideration was separated between the fracture of the space and the incorporation of visual discernment through this strategy. The picture was divided by The Cubist Art Movement which made various perspectives. As talked about, in Mies Pavilion we see a move from centrality, deliberations of geometries and veneers with frontal relations. [12] Buildings, for example, this can't be experienced or comprehended from a static position. Film Montage is organization and the get together of development pictures. This includes a picture of time. [13] These parts succeed each other making an equal exchange montage. Eisenstein scrutinizes Griffith for what he see as the juxtaposition of parts and not a solidarity of creation. A cell, which makes its own part by division and separation. Eisenstein concurs with Griffiths thought of a natural organization as a gathering of development pictures to the changed circumstance through the greatness of opposition.â [14]â Deleuze researches film as far as development, the philosophical and the specialized. Development educates our comprehension regarding the arrangement of universes as far as the sorts of data it chooses and produces as new structures. Deleuze talks about film regarding surrounding the development picture. In a moderately shut framework; encircling, sort of shot and cut are the imperative viewpoints for the movies quality making what he calls a lot of values. [15] The speed and musicality of the shots influences the picture. Film Montage: Dleuze sees four schools of montage. American, French, German and Soviet. Deleuze arranges montage in the connection the development of time. In the Deleuzian framework, montage is the assurance of the entire of the picture, accomplished through the strategies of cutting and making coherencies. Montaged pictures makes sets of pictures. Montage makes development which thus creates explicit methods of time that are not fixed yet occasions that are logically recreated over the section of chronometric time. He sees montage as the meeting up of pictures to make an entire whose last structure is in development. He alludes to crafted by Bob Dylan for instance of the long groundwork for making work. To him things are made after an experience with different things, individuals yet additionally with after experiences with development, different thoughts, occasions, substances. Film is contained various types of pictures, Deleuze calls this picture gathering montage. Through associations starting at yet un-thought, un-named, however intuited through things previously showed in structures and the presentation of those intuited spaces. Montage makes prospects take new structures. Eisenstein: Architectural Montage. For Eisenstein, a persevering vertigo is resolved from the engineering structures interfacing with one another. Eisenstein aim was for engineering portrayals of room to detonate into progressive phases of montage from deterioration to recomposition as if it were a variety of shots. From this, Eisenstein guaranteed the standards of montage are exemplified by engineering. In Montage and Architecture by Eisenstein, he sets out this hypothesis. Two ways of spatial points of view are differentiated, where the watcher follows a nonexistent line made among a progression of articles. Shifting positions moving before an observer and the building, where, the watcher travels through a variety of painstakingly situated components which he has seen all together with a visual sense. Eisenstein asserts that the point of view way of the Acropolis developed by Auguste Choisy delineates arrangement of the site. [16] He requests that the peruser see it with the eye of a movie producer. Eisenstein claims there are painstakingly sequenced viewpoints here. He recommends that there is a connection between the watchers pace of development and the mood of the structures. To him, Choisy has set up a blend of a film shot impact, creating new impressions from each new rising shot. This makes as indicated by Eisenstein a montage impact, where impact is picked up from consecutive juxtaposition of these shots. In the film road Eisenstein shows his enthusiasm of circumstances and logical results as a thought of development. Shots are decayed and recomposed. Building sythesis is contrasted with true to life montage by Eisenstein in an article on two Piranesi etchings for the early and late conditions of the Carceri arrangement. The transition of structure which contains the possibility to detonate into a progression of progressive states Eisensteins hypothesis of room developments delineated new thoughts of engineering as solidified music. Eisenstein looked at the premise of engineering creation, massing and the foundation of cadenced components to that of music, painting and true to life montages. Montage: As Frozen Music In The Culture of Fragments Gianmarco Vergani advances a recommendation for the unification of interdisciplinary expressions to make a unique work of art. This is a region which offers a profundity of experimentation. As indicated by the creator, the converging of design and music can be accomplished through two standards, synchronic and diachronic expression. [17] He terms musi

The role group membership theories play in subprime home mortgage Essay

The job bunch participation hypotheses play in subprime home loan loaning - Essay Example there is no proof shielding this situation of Predatory Lending; be that as it may, it is the plan of this paper to flexibly an extra hypothesis to the predominance of subprime loaning to bring down pay families. I propose that the pervasiveness of this sort of loaning is, to some extent, because of the impacts of gathering participations. Various examinations have been led over the previous decade concerning the commonness of subprime loaning for low salary families. The examinations have demonstrated that low pay families have a higher pace of subprime credits when contrasted with their center and privileged partners, and that installment history has little effect. As per the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (2000); Unequal Burden: Income and Racial Disparities in Subprime Lending in America, â€Å"Subprime advances are multiple times bound to be found among low-pay neighborhoods than in high-pay neighborhoods - In low-salary neighborhoods, subprime advances represented 26 percent of all out advances in 1998 †contrasted and just 11 percent in moderate-pay neighborhoods and only 7 percent in upper-pay neighborhoods† (p. 2). What's more, Association of Community Organizations Organized for Reform Now (ACORN), discharged an investigation (1999) â€Å"Financial Apartheid† in Mortgage Inte rest Rates which expressed that significant expense contract financing was lopsidedly progressively predominant in lower pay borrowers whether it was for home buy or the renegotiating of a current home. The past articulations are what this paper is set to look at from the point of view that bunch enrollment assumes a fundamental job within the sight of subprime home loan loaning to bring down pay families. The accompanying pages give an exhaustive portrayal of the subprime home loan loaning market, the renegotiating practices of moneylenders and a depiction of what is known as Predatory Lending. After that I will spread out gathering participation speculations and portray the qualities of the objective gathering: lower pay

How Music Can Help You Be More Productive - Focus

How Music Can Help You Be More Productive - Focus Remaining productive throughout the day is a challenge most of us face whether we’re at work, at home, or at the gym. It’s natural for our attention to wane, especially when we’re feeling tired from our day’s events. Thankfully, there are ways to regain our focus and increase productivity levels, like coffee, meditation, and, as you may already be aware, music. I can’t count how many times hearing a favorite song of mine on the radio has perked me up when I’ve been driving long distances or doing some housework. The fact that listening to music can lead to a release of dopamine in our system probably comes as a surprise to no-one, and has been backed up by research  a long time ago.   But music is also great for more mentally demanding tasks  such as writing. It  excites a variety of different areas of the brain, therefore leading to an increased attention span and, if used correctly, focus. You just need to match the right type of music with the task at hand.   Choosing the Right Music for the Task Choosing the right music may be more challenging than you think. It’s natural for us to want to listen to our favorite songs or favorite styles, but it’s important to make sure you choose music that will increase your focus on the task at hand, rather than distract you. The right music for you will depend on the kind of task you’re working on.   1. Tasks that Require a Lot of Focus For tasks that require a lot of concentration, instrumental music is the way to go.  One study found that studying with background music led to better memory results on a cognitive task than with background noise. Therefore, you might want to consider putting your earbuds in if you’re planning on studying in a coffee shop. In contrast, music with catchy lyrics may end up distracting you from your work since you’ll be tempted to sing along with them. Just  think of catchy favorites like “Sweet Caroline” by Neil Diamond. Most of us find it difficult not to sing that unforgettable chorus. This is why instrumental music might work to your advantage. Without lyrics, you won’t be tempted to stop what you’re doing to sing along. One of my favorite instrumental artists is Ludovico Einaudi. Einaudi’s pieces  are  pleasant to listen to but also make for fantastic background music. You can hear his  popular piece “Nuvole Bianche” here. Alternatively, check out this 3-hour playlist with classical study music. If you’re more interested in listening to instrumental covers of mainstream pop music, I highly recommend  The Piano Guys. This cover duo has produced great tracks of popular songs by artists like Adele, One Direction, and One Republic. You can check out their cover of “Hello” here. 2. Tasks that Require Physical Energy If you’re trying to complete a task that requires  physical energy rather than mental focus, you won’t need to stick to instrumental music (although it might work in this setting, too). Menial tasks such as vacuuming, for instance, require very little thought, so you can blast all the Taylor Swift you want without worrying that your ability to perform well will be affected by the music.   Physical tasks call for upbeat music with a quick tempo and energizing lyrics. This kind of music will wake you up and provide you with a good beat to match your movements. A study found that cyclists who listened to upbeat music not only worked harder  but actively  made the choice to work harder because they were more motivated. If you’re a fan of guitar music and you want to explore some upbeat songs, this list of 9 Must Know Guitar Songs is a great place to find inspiration for your playlist. Train Yourself to Associate Certain Music with Being Productive Have you ever heard of Pavlov’s dogs? At the turn of the twentieth century, Ivan Pavlov found that his dogs would not only salivate when they saw food but also when they saw the person who would be feeding them. The presence of food wasn’t necessary to trigger this response in the dogs. This meant the dogs weren’t just salivating because of the smell or sight of food, but because they learned to associate food with the person who fed them. This is called “classical conditioning.” Conditioning means we can train people or animals to react in a certain way when they see or hear a stimulus. In the case of Pavlov’s dogs, the conditioned stimulus was the person the dogs associated with food. You can use the concept of conditioning to train yourself to be more productive through music, by conditioning  yourself to associate either a certain song, a certain style of music, or a certain playlist with productivity. If you consistently complete tasks while  this music is being played, you’ll automatically start  to feel more productive whenever that music is played. It will become so habitual that when you press that play button, things get done. In Sum Hopefully, these tips will increase your productivity. Next time you’re feeling unmotivated, try turning on a song or a piece of music that will complement whatever it is that you’re doing. If you need a lot of mental focus, stay  away from loud, upbeat songs that you just can’t resist singing along to. If you’re looking to become more productive with physical tasks that don’t require a lot of mental effort, energizing  lyrical songs will work well. Set a goal for yourself, flip on music that suits your needs and get working. You’ll be finished in no time. You can read more from Natalie on her blog Musical Advisors,  or get in touch with her at  [emailprotected].   Get Productive with Visual Task Management Try MeisterTask its free Try MeisterTask How Music Can Help You Be More Productive - Focus Remaining productive throughout the day is a challenge most of us face whether we’re at work, at home, or at the gym. It’s natural for our attention to wane, especially when we’re feeling tired from our day’s events. Thankfully, there are ways to regain our focus and increase productivity levels, like coffee, meditation, and, as you may already be aware, music. I can’t count how many times hearing a favorite song of mine on the radio has perked me up when I’ve been driving long distances or doing some housework. The fact that listening to music can lead to a release of dopamine in our system probably comes as a surprise to no-one, and has been backed up by research  a long time ago.   But music is also great for more mentally demanding tasks  such as writing. It  excites a variety of different areas of the brain, therefore leading to an increased attention span and, if used correctly, focus. You just need to match the right type of music with the task at hand.   Choosing the Right Music for the Task Choosing the right music may be more challenging than you think. It’s natural for us to want to listen to our favorite songs or favorite styles, but it’s important to make sure you choose music that will increase your focus on the task at hand, rather than distract you. The right music for you will depend on the kind of task you’re working on.   1. Tasks that Require a Lot of Focus For tasks that require a lot of concentration, instrumental music is the way to go.  One study found that studying with background music led to better memory results on a cognitive task than with background noise. Therefore, you might want to consider putting your earbuds in if you’re planning on studying in a coffee shop. In contrast, music with catchy lyrics may end up distracting you from your work since you’ll be tempted to sing along with them. Just  think of catchy favorites like “Sweet Caroline” by Neil Diamond. Most of us find it difficult not to sing that unforgettable chorus. This is why instrumental music might work to your advantage. Without lyrics, you won’t be tempted to stop what you’re doing to sing along. One of my favorite instrumental artists is Ludovico Einaudi. Einaudi’s pieces  are  pleasant to listen to but also make for fantastic background music. You can hear his  popular piece “Nuvole Bianche” here. Alternatively, check out this 3-hour playlist with classical study music. If you’re more interested in listening to instrumental covers of mainstream pop music, I highly recommend  The Piano Guys. This cover duo has produced great tracks of popular songs by artists like Adele, One Direction, and One Republic. You can check out their cover of “Hello” here. 2. Tasks that Require Physical Energy If you’re trying to complete a task that requires  physical energy rather than mental focus, you won’t need to stick to instrumental music (although it might work in this setting, too). Menial tasks such as vacuuming, for instance, require very little thought, so you can blast all the Taylor Swift you want without worrying that your ability to perform well will be affected by the music.   Physical tasks call for upbeat music with a quick tempo and energizing lyrics. This kind of music will wake you up and provide you with a good beat to match your movements. A study found that cyclists who listened to upbeat music not only worked harder  but actively  made the choice to work harder because they were more motivated. If you’re a fan of guitar music and you want to explore some upbeat songs, this list of 9 Must Know Guitar Songs is a great place to find inspiration for your playlist. Train Yourself to Associate Certain Music with Being Productive Have you ever heard of Pavlov’s dogs? At the turn of the twentieth century, Ivan Pavlov found that his dogs would not only salivate when they saw food but also when they saw the person who would be feeding them. The presence of food wasn’t necessary to trigger this response in the dogs. This meant the dogs weren’t just salivating because of the smell or sight of food, but because they learned to associate food with the person who fed them. This is called “classical conditioning.” Conditioning means we can train people or animals to react in a certain way when they see or hear a stimulus. In the case of Pavlov’s dogs, the conditioned stimulus was the person the dogs associated with food. You can use the concept of conditioning to train yourself to be more productive through music, by conditioning  yourself to associate either a certain song, a certain style of music, or a certain playlist with productivity. If you consistently complete tasks while  this music is being played, you’ll automatically start  to feel more productive whenever that music is played. It will become so habitual that when you press that play button, things get done. In Sum Hopefully, these tips will increase your productivity. Next time you’re feeling unmotivated, try turning on a song or a piece of music that will complement whatever it is that you’re doing. If you need a lot of mental focus, stay  away from loud, upbeat songs that you just can’t resist singing along to. If you’re looking to become more productive with physical tasks that don’t require a lot of mental effort, energizing  lyrical songs will work well. Set a goal for yourself, flip on music that suits your needs and get working. You’ll be finished in no time. You can read more from Natalie on her blog Musical Advisors,  or get in touch with her at  [emailprotected].   Get Productive with Visual Task Management Try MeisterTask its free Try MeisterTask

A Good Man Is Hard For Find By Flannery O Connor And...

During a journey a person will come across a crisis or it will be an escape from a struggle or an external conflict. In the two short stories, â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard To Find† by Flannery O’Connor and â€Å"Women Hollering Creek† by Sandra Cisneros, the protagonists are faced with similar crisis of limitations. On the contrary, â€Å"The Swimmer† by John Cheever describes the protagonist to be someone that has no limitations, which led him to abuse his freedom. Although these three tales show differences they do show a similarity in their ignorance. These two female authors focus on the role women set into a sexist environment where they are not seen as equal upon the male figures. However, the only male protagonist, fictionalized by Cheever, is not faced with the same complications as the female characters. As these protagonist face their problems, begin to realize their fate and their place in the world. The plot of the journey is a crisis for both the main characters of â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find,† the grandmother and â€Å"Woman Hollering Creek,† Cleofilas. In contrast to â€Å"The Swimmer† Neddy Merrill that tries to escape from the trauma of his reality. The grandmother uses her lies to manipulate her grandchildren into pestering their father, her son, into going to a house she had memories of. While on the off road adventure to this house the pet they owned had a panic attack and caused the disorientation of the driver, the son, which lead to a car accident. The accident leads to the

The Filipino Culture - 1675 Words

1. Which specific people and what specific circumstances have influenced my culture? The Filipino culture has been mainly influenced by the Spanish control in the 1800’s. With the Spaniards exerting control over the Philippines, their religious customs, clothing, and food were influenced by Spanish customs. Furthermore, the U.S supporting the Philippines in WWI and WWII caused the relationship of the two to bond both cultures together. Overtime, my culture has now become a combination of Spanish, Filipino, and American Cultures. 2. What is valuable to me? In my culture, the most valuable thing to me is my family relationship. I value our relationship the most because it’s existence is something that lasts longer than anything else. Without our relationship, I wouldn’t have succeeded anywhere in life because the support and love they’ve given me has always encouraged me to keep going. Our family relationship is also what keeps my family together, happy, and joyful. 3. What has shaped my choices and decisions? The main thing that has shaped my choices and decisions is probably my family. Most of my preferences and likings emerged from what they experienced growing up. My family has also been there to give me advice about my choices in life, expecting me to make the right decision in the future. Their constant aid and consultation have influenced me in my belief and opinion on the choices I make. 4. What are my goals? My goals in life are to be rich and successful as aShow MoreRelatedFilipino Culture4006 Words   |  17 PagesPhilippine and Filipino brief history of the life and times of the Filipino people in the Philippines. The values of Filipino culture have changed through emigration and immigration, as well as religiosity and spirituality, and because of coexisting and sometimes conflicting values . 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My Career Goal Free Essays

When I was a child and people would ask me what I wanted to be when I grew up, I always had an answer. That answer changed significantly as time went on, and right now it would be IT programmer if somebody asks me again. That’s my main goal right now and I know I still have a long way ahead of me. We will write a custom essay sample on My Career Goal or any similar topic only for you Order Now But I realized that in order to achieve that long term goal I should have few small and short term goals each year and accomplish them one by one like small ladder steps toward my main goal. So I came up with this year’s goal that is getting me a new laptop and enrolling to new advance classes in my career. My first goal this year is getting a new laptop. Like I said my main goal is to be IT programmer, so of course I need a better laptop like the one I have right now and good laptop aren’t cheap. The one I like is nearly 2500 dollars. Even though I’ve been cutting all other interests like going out, shopping and been working on weekends and my day offs on my half time right now, I’m still haven’t come up with enough money for my laptop yet. So I have to look for a full time job in summer to come up with that money. Luckily, I have a friend who promised to take me in her store as a fulltime technician for the whole summer. So hopefully by the end of summer I will have enough money to afford my new laptop, or even have some money left so I won’t be completely broke after that. So after I reach my first goal then I can be able to move forward to my second one this year that is enrolling to new advanced classes for my career. Although some programmers may qualify for certain jobs with 2-year degrees or certificates, but like we all know the economy is going bad right now so employers will be more picky as they choose for applicants. So I think it would be more advantage for me if I have more advance and wider programming knowledge required for my career. So this semester I’ll try to get the best grades I can then coming next semester I’ll be able to enroll in IT programming classes such as C++, Java or may be even code writing classes. That will give me more time to learn and master those required skills for my future career. Planning for our futures is very important even if those plans may change. But I think we should stick to those plans we have in order to achieve the main goal. Set the times to achieve your goal, but you should be beginning now. So, I will keep my goal in my mind and built it up in this year. How to cite My Career Goal, Essay examples

The Elephant Man A Critical Analysis Essay Sample free essay sample

From the originative point of position of an audience. so Bernard Pomerance has succeeded in conveying out the true beauty of the imagination in the bookThe Elephant Man( Pomerance. 1979 ) . In the first topographic point. there is the strong sense of expectancy as Pomerance does non let his audience to glimpse Merrick sans mask until his visual aspect has been built up well. With this anticipation. Pomerance has nevertheless brought the audience to a no-dramatic-music. no-slow-motion landscape but a simple cut-to-cut until an up-front sight of the elephant adult male. No large trade as it has appeared to a certain consequence. But aesthetically. it was the effortless reading of beauty – petroleum yet honest to world. This is the beauty of Pomerance’s literary way. We are led through our morbid wonder at the same rate the characters in the book are. We develop aboard them. More specifically. we develop aboard Frederick Treeves. We will write a custom essay sample on The Elephant Man: A Critical Analysis Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page played with an amazing sublimity of emotion by Anthony Hopkins in its large screen version. Following to Treeves we pity Merrick. regard him. commiseration him once more. and so inquire ourselves with him. â€Å"Is he merely a spectacle to me? Am I a bad individual? † ( Pomerance. 1979 ) . Visuals are as of import to the over all quality of a book as the secret plan and word picture. The manner a book is presented is one of the cardinal elements that make it a authoritative or so. a floating-point operation. And the book’s movie version is stupefying. In sharp black and white. the movie recalls the cinematic technique of American film circa the 1930’s. Gorgeous black and white filming gives this topic the category it deserves. The scenes dissolve into one another ; there is no alert redaction. The lighting is unbroken subdued during dark scenes. balanced during daytime scenes-this is standard book-making of the epoch. A fantastic mark by John Morris helps give it a stalking beauty and lets the encephalon focal point more on sound than sight. The one aside from this signifier are the clearly Pomeranceian surrealities-pseudo-dream-sequences of commendably original imagination that break up the book and service as distinguishable mood-setters for the audienc e ( Pomerance. 1979 ) . Bernard Pomerance’s portrayal of Victorian society. in the bookThe Elephant Man. is both powerful and affecting ( Logan. 2001 ) . The book is deeply different in executing. Bernard Pomerance seems less concerned with undertaking the Victorian quandary than concentrating on the beauty in the animal subject ( Goodlad. 2003 ) . Sing Pomerance’s captivation with organic phenomena this focal point seems much more up his back street ( Himmelfarb. 1993 ) . Not to advert that the film version elicits outstanding public presentations from all the dramatis personae and succeeds in bring forthing a deeply humanist piece of film. Furthermore. the book besides embarks upon the defeats of Merrick every bit good as the remainder of theaesthetically challengedpeople’s â€Å"unique beauty† and favoritism crises.The Elephant Manis beyond doubt a superb mind’s merchandise every bit much as a defeated heart’s ideas ( Faville White. 2000 ) . It is particularly an exceptionally cherished and cosy literature. Any reader can decidedly experience a package of the John Merrick’s deepest ordeal of as he started to give grounds to his universe that is transforming from a timid â€Å"creature† to a cared for human being ( Andrews. 2007 ) . Merricks’ individuality was fragmented and sheathed in an individuality merely associatory with a mercenary society’s prejudices and physical penchant. Even if he wanted to make out to the laypeople. people would maintain him and force him to remain behind ( Faville White. 2000 ) . While the first few chapters are talking for the horrid persons in general. the latter dives deeper into a more personal degree of the literature ; it is bit by bit sketching the psyche that is no less than John Merrick himself ( Andrews. 2007 ) . Finally. the thoughts of ego and echt humanitarianism morning upon Merrick. which renders his a testament to the resilient beauty of any human being.The Elephant Mannowadayss an expose of beauty that is both precise and internally disking. This exactness of The Elephant Man’s life’s similitude of world together with the author’s distinct enunciation present a cruel world in which physically different people grow ineluctably ( Pomerance. 1979 ) . John Merrick has been associated with decreased liquors. lower efficiency and a greater chance to see awful emphasis and nonappearance in the major activities in their community. As he goes through favoritism. he sometimes speaks of holding feeling of timidness or letdown and lowered degrees of self-pride ( Davis. 1995 ) . As he senses that his individuality and animalism are non cherished. he besides lives through lowered degrees of assurance and self-respect and believe that he has are non welcome in their vicinity and at big. in the society. This mentality has brought about Merrick’s feeling of denouncement of his ain values and an ensuing loss of individualism ( Andrews. 2007 ) . The agreement of the literature’s secret plan points is composed of a scope of forces placed in such a manner that they would works a possible clang and give an explosive final payment towards the terminal. and its karyon is made up of an expounding of the battles between these obliging events. As it portrays persons within tremendous. remorseless scenery. this work of fiction topographic points really extreme religion in the installation of persons to assume good religion with unsightly. abhorrent persons as Merrick ( Pomerance. 1979 ) . John Merrick expresses his religion in ultimate felicity. which rests non on personal satisfaction. victory or even physical beauty. but to a certain extent in the subordination of the ego to something wide-ranging. Although love found in friendly relationship has some type of value. it is non the head good for which worlds should take. It must be sound relationships ( Pomerance. 1979 ) . Like what Merrick did in eventually happening his dignity. the modern Merricks today have to reserve for themselves no option to turn against the society. The more of import cogent evidence of energy is the unchanged truth profoundly entrenched in the society that aesthetically challenged people are worthier than of all time with or without the physical yardstick of the societal order. Peoples with disablements by no agencies have neer of all time taken their shoulder off from those who seek it and pour their cryings to ( Davis. 1995 ) . It is so. the affectional view of the book that brings in the greatest signifier of aestheticism any socially perceptive book could hold. The story-telling was all right but Pomerance has it better with the executing ; with the word picture of beauty from the minority’s point of position. observing that this minority sees no monsters or non-monsters in the truest aesthetic sense. To see person so beautiful. dignified. and alone. hidden behind a organic structure and face that society considers ugly. could do us recognize how the organic structure is a disintegrating heap of dust. but the psyche is a breath-taking and unambiguously formed indestructible treasure. Giving an unusual sense of aestheticism.The Elephant Manshows that the true monsters aren’t those with disfigured organic structures. but those with disfigured psyches ( Pomerance. 1979 ) .The Elephant Manis merely one of those rare books which give one penetration into the human status. at its ugliest and most beautiful. Plants Cited Andrews. R. McCants. John Merrick: A Biographical Sketch. New York: Kessinger. 2007. Davis. Lennard. Enforcing Normality: Disability. Deafness. and the Body. New York: Verso. 1995. Faville White. Bowen. Why Normal Isn’t Healthy: How to Find Heart. Meaning. Passion. and Humor on the Road Most Traveled. Center City: Hazelden. 2000. Goodlad. Lauren. Victorian Literature and the Victorian State: Fictional character and Governance in a Broad Society. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press. 2003. Himmelfarb. Gertrude. The De-moralization Of Society: From Victorian Virtues to Modern Values. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. Inc. . 1993. Logan. Thad. The Victorian Parlor: A Cultural Study. New York: Cambridge University Press. 2001. Pomerance. Bernard. The Elephant Man. New York: Grove Press. 1979.

The Ultimate 4 Step Guide to Changing Careers

The Ultimate 4 Step Guide to Changing Careers Choosing a career is a tough thing- and a lifelong process. You might pick a job early, just out of school or based on your interests as a 20-something. It would be great if that were a direct path to your retirement decades later, after years of building a fulfilling career from that initial decision. But not every career path is quite that straightforward. You might wake up after 10 years and think, â€Å"I really don’t want to be a widget coordinator anymore.† Or maybe you’ve been laid off, and realize that hmm, you weren’t all that happy in your career even before the fact. Whatever leads to that revelation, you should embrace it as an opportunity when it comes.  If you are thinking about making a career change, here are the 4 steps you can take to make it a reality: Step 1.   Figure out what do you really want to be doing.Step 2.   What does the roadmap look like?Step 3.   Updating Your ResumeStep 4.   Build (and then work) your network  I f you’re thinking about changing your career, you’re in in good company. There are very few hard stats on how many people do change careers midstream- the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics doesn’t keep data on career changers, mostly because the data is so unclear  and not really tracked anywhere- but we do know that some very famous people only achieved those heights only after they pulled the trigger on a career change.Did you know that:Walt Disney was originally a newspaper editor?Actor Harrison Ford was a carpenter before his first big movie role?Uber-chef Julia Child was a bureaucrat and spy for the U.S. government during World War II, before she mastered French cuisine?Actor Steve Buscemi was a New York City firefighter?Pope Francis was a chemical technician before joining the priesthood? One thing these people all have in common (aside from amazing success) is that they each made a career decision based on the difference between what they were doing, and what they wanted to do with their lives. This isn’t to say that everyone should drop a stable, bill-paying job in order to pursue that dream of opening a puppet theater. However, if you think that changing careers is the best next step for you and your goals, then there are ways to make the jump in a smart and practical way.Step 1: What do you want to be doing?The best thing you can do up front is to start thinking about what it is you really want to do. According to a Deloitte Shift Index survey in 2010 (which tracked workplace trends), a staggering 80% of respondents lacked passion at their jobs. That’s a lot of disengaged people, or people at risk of checking out. Still, it’s not enough to feel vaguely unhappy at your current job, or on your current path. You need a plan for finding what it is you would be passionate about doing as a career.80% of respondents lacked passion at their jobsIn the following Tedx Talk, career coach Scott Dinsmore offers some advic e on how to transition that dissatisfaction or malaise into real and lasting personal change. He recommends doing some soul searching on the following questions:What are your strengths? What are you good at doing? What would you do even if no one paid you?What are your values? Are you driven by people (family, friends)? Are you most concerned with success and achievement? How do those factor into your decision, and what is your â€Å"soul† made of?What are your experiences? What do you like, or dislike? What are you good at or bad at doing? What have your experiences told you about what you want, and what experiences inspire you? You have years of experiences, as well as successes and mistakes, which form a baseline of expectations. Together, these factors can be pulled together to help you figure out what you want those successes to look like in the future, and what kinds of jobs would help you get there.Step 2: What does the roadmap look like?Changing careers is a process. At an early point in said process, you can’t really predict the outcome. But you can definitely map out your expectations, and the likely steps it will take to get there.For example, take a look at this  career change roadmap:Step 3: Update your resume.This means updating your resume and your cover letter to align with your revised career goals. Many job hunters make the easy mistake of assuming that their same old resume will do, and that hiring managers will connect the dots on skills and experience. Don’t let that be you! Take the initiative to rebuild your resume for your soon-to-be new career. On your resume, you have a bit of an added challenge, compared to another candidate who has more industry experience, so you need to craft your resume 2.0 to reflect that reality.If you have a lot of skills that will be transferable from your old career to the new job(s) for which you’re applying:Your best bet is likely a combination resume, where you craft the stan dard linear list of your jobs, but kick off the resume with a bulleted list of qualifications/skills. The bullet points in the work history section should, of course, emphasize the skills you want to play up in the qualifications summary. You might want to get your resume evaluated by  a professional resume expert  as well. (For more on how to write a great qualifications summary, visit Resume Genius.)Here’s an example:Qualifications SummaryLeadership:Leading marketing teams of 5+ people.Creativity:Designing and implementing ROI strategies aimed at streamlining marketing campaigns.Communication:Presenting marketing proposals to clients. Combination resumes can be great for covering up gaps in experiences or long lags between jobs, but keep in mind that the lack of specific dates and other details might raise a red flag with hiring managers or interviewers. Be prepared to speak to those in the interview, as well as emphasize the transferrable skills you have.If you are bas ically starting over, and want to downplay your work history:Work on drafting a functional resume, where you group your skills into headers and bullets.Here’s an example:Marketing ExperienceCreated brand-awareness social media campaigns for a national car rental company.Improved engagement and conversion rates for 3 straight years.If you’re concerned that your career change narrative won’t overcome the relative lack of experience: Write a resume that covers the standard skills and work history, but write a detailed cover letter that explains a) your passion for the industry you’re trying to break into; b) why your experience travels well into this new arena; and c) your strong motivation to start over, or find a foothold at this particular company. Your resume will still need to stand on its own, but you want to make sure the hiring manager is clear that you know your experience may not be extensive, but you have the skills and passion necessary for this job.Step 4: Build (and then work) your network.The best new resume in the world may not mean much if you can’t get it in front of the right people. Online application engines and emailed resumes have their place (and will likely do so for a long time to come), but one of the most effective ways to get noticed is also one of the oldest and lowest-tech: word of mouth. If you know someone in a company who can recommend you for an open position, it’s like getting a gold star on your resume. It may not get you an automatic job offer, but having an insider vouch for you could very well increase the odds of getting your application a closer look. Plus, seeking out people in your target industry can help you get a better handle on the industry itself, letting you ask questions and get information that might not be as readily available from internet searches.And don’t discount your existing network: you never know who knows someone else, especially in this age of LinkedI n. Don’t be afraid to put it out there that you’re looking to make connections in a new area. Use your social networks (Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter) to find new connections or experts to follow. However, make sure you’re discreet about it if you’re not ready to announce your career change plans to your current employer. (Maybe don’t post a status update that says, â€Å"Hate my job, want to know more about alpaca farming. Anyone know any local animal farmers I can talk to?†)If you truly don’t have any overlap between your current network and your new industry, start with some basic research. Look for groups online related to your target job, and â€Å"listen† in on message boards or email lists for a while. This can also let you know about industry events, job openings, or networking opportunities that you might not know about otherwise.Whether your new career is on par with the carpenter-to-Han Solo transition, well, that rema ins to be seen. But if you know that you’re ready to commit to a jump (or at least commit to the idea of jumping), there’s no point in waiting until the time is right. Because you know what? That time may never come if you don’t make it happen yourself. But you can set yourself up so that there’s a time that feels comfortable for making the transition.

Implementing a Successful Tutoring Business Plan

Implementing a Successful Tutoring Business Plan So youve decided to start a tutoring business and youve already envisioned what you business will look like, who your potential clients will be, how much to charge, and where and when to schedule your tutoring sessions. Now Im ready to discuss how to handle the time in between your initial conversation with the client and the first tutoring session with your new student. Again, think Big Picture and think RESULTS. - What are your short- and long-term goals for this particular student? Why is his/her parent hiring you at this time? What results will the parent expect to see from their child? When parents send their children to public schools, they sometimes have lowered expectations because the education is free and the teachers have so many other students to work with. With tutoring, parents are shelling out hard-earned cash on a minute-by-minute basis and they want to see results. If they feel that you arent working productively with their child, you wont last long as their tutor and your reputation will suffer. Always keep that goal in mind before every session. Aim to make specific progress during each and every hour of tutoring. Facilitate an Initial Meeting. - If at all possible, Id recommend using your first session as a getting-to-know-you and goal-setting meeting with yourself, the student, and at least one of the parents.Take copious notes during this conversation. Here are some of the things you should discuss at this initial meeting:Clarify the parents expectations. Tell them a little about your lesson ideas and long-term strategies. Outline your invoicing and payment plans. Solicit tips for how best to work with the students strengths and weaknesses. Inquire about what strategies have worked in the past and also which ones havent worked. Ask if its OK to contact the students teacher for additional insight and progress reports. If it is, secure the contact information and follow-through at a later time. Ask for any materials that might be helpful for your sessions. Ensure that the session location will be quiet and conducive to studying. Let the parents know what you will require of them in order to maximize the effectiveness of your work. Clarify whether you should assign homework in addition to the homework the student will already have from regular school. Set Up the Ground Rules. - Just like in the regular classroom, students want to know where they stand with you and whats expected of them. Similar to the first day of school, discuss your rules and expectations, while letting the student know a little bit about you. Tell them how to handle their needs during the sessions, such as if they need a drink of water or to use the restroom. This is particularly important if you are tutoring in your own home, rather than the students, because the student is your guest and will likely be uncomfortable at first. Encourage the student to ask as many questions as he or she needs to. This is one of the main benefits of one-on-one tutoring, of course. Stay Focused and On Task Every Minute. - Time is money with tutoring. As you get rolling with the student, set the tone for productive meetings where every minute counts. Keep the conversation focused on the work at hand and hold the student tightly accountable for the quality of his/her work. Consider Implementing a Form of Parent-Tutor Communication. - The parents want to know what youre doing with the student each session and how it relates to the goals you set. Consider communicating with the parents on a weekly basis, perhaps through email. Alternatively, you can type up a little half-sheet form where you can write some informative notes and have the student bring it home to his/her parents after each session. The more you communicate, the more your clients will see you as on-the-ball and worth their financial investment. Set Up a Tracking and Invoicing System. - Carefully track each hour for each client. I keep a paper calendar where I daily write down my tutoring hours. I de cided to invoice on the 10th of each month. I acquired an invoice template through Microsoft Word and I send out my invoices over email. I request payment by check within 7 days of the invoice. Stay Organized and Youll Stay Productive. - Make a folder for each student where you will keep their contact information, as well as any notes about what youve already done with them, what you observe during your session, and what you plan to do in future sessions. That way, when your next session with that student approaches, youll have a shorthand for knowing where you left off and what comes next. Consider your cancellation policy. - Children are so busy today and so many families are mixed and extended and not living all under the same roof. This makes for complicated situations. Emphasize to the parents how important it is to attend each session on time and without too many cancellations or changes. I instituted a 24-hour cancellation policy where I reserve the right to charge the full hourly rate if a session is canceled on short notice. For reliable clients who rarely cancel, I might not exercise this right. For troublesome clients who always seem to have an excuse, I have th is policy in my back pocket. Use your best judgment, allow some leeway, and protect yourself and your schedule. Put Your Clients Contact Information in Your Cell Phone. - You never know when something will come up and you will need to contact a client. When youre working for yourself, you need to maintain control over your situation, your schedule, and any extenuating factors. Its your name and reputation that are on the line. Treat your tutoring business with seriousness and diligence and youll go far. If you decide that tutoring is for you, I wish you lots of luck and I hope all of these tips have been helpful to you!

Online Shopping Behavior of Women Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Online Shopping Behavior of Women - Essay Example Previous research studies have already identified several differences in the shopping behavior of males and females in conventional "bricks and doors" retail stores. For each of the key questions below that will guide the online shopping research, a summary of what we already know is provided. The surveys and other sources will yield further information about men's and women's online shopping habits. Analysis will show whether men and women continue to exhibit the same patterns, or develop new ones based on their experiences and preferences in the visual-only online shopping environment. Among a host of other factors, how does the lack of physical store buildings, touchable merchandise, and interaction with live people, both other shoppers and sales personnel, change the browsing, shopping and buying patterns of men and women of various ages Not according to Paco Underhill, marketing consultant and author of Why We Buy: The Science of Shopping (Simon & Schuster, 2000). His research shows that both men and women spend time shopping -- in specific and widely differing categories -- without having a specific need in mind as they shop. His company, Envirosell, has done marketing studies for large computer retailers which show that 17% of the male customers interviewed come into the stores more than once a week just to look around. Computer equipment, video games and DVDs have replaced cars and music systems for many men as their technology focus. They go to the store to gain information as well as to buy, as was noted from how intently they read the packaging of software and accessory hardware for their computers. Men prefer to get their information firsthand, off the box or from a brochure, rather than ask a salesperson. For other purchases, such as clothing and shoes, men go into a store, pick out what they need, and try it on. If it fits, they buy it. Women assess clothing, particularly shoes, on many criteria besides fit to close the deal on a purchase. These include price, color, fabric care and if the garment makes them look good overall or makes certain features look better or worse. Many a pair of pants or shoes have been rejected, even if they fit well, for the subjective reason that "they make my butt look too big," or "they make my legs look fat." Shoes also must fit the season (summer or winter), and the activity where they will be worn. These range from dancing; dating; management meetings; taking the kids to a soccer game, ad infinitum, which is why there are so many more styles of shoes for women than men. 2. Are the buying decisions of male shoppers more rational than those of female shoppers Traditional research shows that in certain situations, males shop no more rationally than females. A primary case in point is the supermarket. Grocery industry studies show that sixty to seventy percent of supermarket purchases by both men and

Public Adminstration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Public Adminstration - Essay Example Among several issues like the history of a government, its form and reform, stands the topic on governmental organizations and classifications, on which a number of authors have written. Among these outstanding authors is Luther Gulick in his 'Notes on the Theory of Organization' (1937). This discussion focuses on the component parts of Gulick's ideas relative to organizational classification, how they interrelate and contribute to the whole. In chapter 3 of the, 'The Craft of Public Administration', George Berkley and John Rouse attempt an Anatomy of Public Organisation. 'The article on the Machinery of Government Reform: Principles and Practice', (:Machinery of Government Reform Principles and Practice.htm) quotes the Haldane Report of 1918 on the 'distribution of government activities between government departments.' In effect, the Report proposes ten divisions in government ranging from Finance to Justice, despite recognising impossibility in 'co-operation between Departments in dealing with business of common interest" (Haldane 1918: 16). Contrary to the Heldane report, the American Public Administrator and Educator, Luther Hasely Gulick, 1892 - 1992, proposed four criteria for allocating government activities: purposes, such as furnishing water or conducting education; processes (employed), such as engineering, medicine, carpentry: place, for example Hawaii, Bos

A Liberal Arts Education :: essays research papers

A Liberal Arts Education   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A liberal arts education provides students with a broad spectrum of information enabling them to expand knowledge and to advance society in a positive direction. This universal education provides a strong foundation of knowledge in many subjects. The students can observe the strengths and capabilities, as well as the limitations of each field of study. This allows the students to find connections between diverse fields of study, to explore them, and to discover new theories, thoughts, or inventions. It allows the students to investigate areas of intrigue and create new fields of study by blending subjects that compliment each other. With these new inventions, discoveries, ideas, and new methods of problem solving, society will advance in a positive direction. Standards of living will rise with these inventions and discoveries, making society more productive and more capable of controlling its surroundings. New thoughts and theories will give insight to those who desire meaning and understanding of concepts. A liberal arts education provides a strong foundation of knowledge in many fields and subjects allowing students to create new theories, inventions, and connections between fields. With this foundation, great thinkers can build and expand from what others have learned rather than wasting time and effort on what has already been discovered. While it is true that the factual information about each subject is very important, the most useful tool liberal arts students can possess is the knowledge of the strengths and capabilities of each individual field, as well as the weaknesses and restrictions. With this knowledge, the students can mesh attributes of different subjects to formulate new and more brilliant concepts; the brilliance being a function of the strengths and compatibility of the chosen subjects. As in mixing colors, a new color can only be created by mixing different colors. The brilliance of this new color depends on the shades and hues of the colors used to create it. The same is true for education. The resulting idea or innovation is a function of the aptness and compatibility of the subjects meshed to create it. For example, the invention of the transistor, one of the most important electronic devices, was developed by a team of research specialists. Specialized mathematicians, scientists, physicists, and engineers all worked together to find a quicker, more efficient way to process the overload of telephone calls. The leaders of this research team had to be highly educated in every one of those fields of study, as well as language. They had to practically translate the technical terms of each field to the other team members so each one understood the A Liberal Arts Education :: essays research papers A Liberal Arts Education   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A liberal arts education provides students with a broad spectrum of information enabling them to expand knowledge and to advance society in a positive direction. This universal education provides a strong foundation of knowledge in many subjects. The students can observe the strengths and capabilities, as well as the limitations of each field of study. This allows the students to find connections between diverse fields of study, to explore them, and to discover new theories, thoughts, or inventions. It allows the students to investigate areas of intrigue and create new fields of study by blending subjects that compliment each other. With these new inventions, discoveries, ideas, and new methods of problem solving, society will advance in a positive direction. Standards of living will rise with these inventions and discoveries, making society more productive and more capable of controlling its surroundings. New thoughts and theories will give insight to those who desire meaning and understanding of concepts. A liberal arts education provides a strong foundation of knowledge in many fields and subjects allowing students to create new theories, inventions, and connections between fields. With this foundation, great thinkers can build and expand from what others have learned rather than wasting time and effort on what has already been discovered. While it is true that the factual information about each subject is very important, the most useful tool liberal arts students can possess is the knowledge of the strengths and capabilities of each individual field, as well as the weaknesses and restrictions. With this knowledge, the students can mesh attributes of different subjects to formulate new and more brilliant concepts; the brilliance being a function of the strengths and compatibility of the chosen subjects. As in mixing colors, a new color can only be created by mixing different colors. The brilliance of this new color depends on the shades and hues of the colors used to create it. The same is true for education. The resulting idea or innovation is a function of the aptness and compatibility of the subjects meshed to create it. For example, the invention of the transistor, one of the most important electronic devices, was developed by a team of research specialists. Specialized mathematicians, scientists, physicists, and engineers all worked together to find a quicker, more efficient way to process the overload of telephone calls. The leaders of this research team had to be highly educated in every one of those fields of study, as well as language. They had to practically translate the technical terms of each field to the other team members so each one understood the

The Proverbs of Administration Herbert Simon Summary

Bekki Drewlo Simon, Herbert A. (1946). The Proverbs of Administration. In J. M. Shafrits & A. C. Hyde (Eds. ), Classics of public administration (6th ed. ) (pp. 124-137). Boston, MA: Thompson Wadsworth.ARTICLE SUMMARY:In Herbert Simon’s â€Å"The Proverbs of Administration† he begins outlining what he describes as the â€Å"accepted administrative principles† (p. 124). These principles state that administrative efficiency is increased by specialization of tasks among members of a group, unity of command, limiting the span of control at any one point in the hierarchy and by grouping the workers according to purpose, process, clientele and place.He then goes on to detail specific examples of how each principle could be tested in real world administrative situations for validity. Simon subjects each principle in turn to a very critical analysis beginning with specialization. He describes specialization as a â€Å"deceptive simplicity† and conveys that the fun damental problem with specialization is that it is ambiguous and he leads the reader to determine that the principle of specialization is â€Å"of not help at all† in deciding how to specialize to improve efficiency (p. 25) Turning to unity of command, Simon points out that this principle is simply â€Å"incompatible with the principle of specialization† (p. 125). If using the specialization principal, then the specialist would be looked upon for the decisions, not the person in command as the unity of command principal would require. Span of control contradictions are highlighted by Simon by describing how both an increase and a decrease in the span of control could increase or decrease efficiency in an organization. Lastly, Simon evaluates organization by purpose, process, clientele and place.In this principle, organization based on one aspect would be to the detriment of the remaining three. In each evaluation Simon provides either contradictory solutions that meet the requirement of the proverb in question or describes situations where adherence to the proverb could be inefficient if not irresponsible. Simon suggests rather that the â€Å"principles of administration† are merely â€Å"criteria for describing and diagnosing administrative situations†(p. 131). Finally, Simon relates that the proverbs of administration are in desperate need of empirical research and ultimately revision.He states that efficiency should be a definition of what is â€Å"good† or â€Å"correct† administrative behavior rather than a principle of administration (p. 133). He goes on to describe an approach for a more scientific analysis of administrative principles that would allow one to easily choose between equally viable yet opposing solutions to a single administrative problem. He provides the road map by which he believes this could be accomplished, yet admits that it may even be a â€Å"quixotic† undertaking (p. 136).The irony of this final contradiction is not lost on this reader.KEY POINTS:The accepted administrative principles or proverbs are inherently flawed.These principles are still of value by using them as â€Å"criteria for describing and diagnosing administrative situations†(pg 131).SpecializationUnity of CommandSpan of ControlOrganization by purpose, Process, Clientele, PlaceThe accepted administrative principles or proverbs are in desperate need of empirical research and ultimately revision.RELEVENCE:This article is relevant to students and practitioners of administration because it highlights the ongoing struggle with administrative theory. Simons highlights the contradictions inherent with the â€Å"accepted administrative principles† but leads the reader to understand that these principles are useful as tools in the practice of administration (p. 124). After evaluation of specialization, unity of command, span of control and organization by purpose, process, clientele and pla ce, administrators can rely on experience to determine the appropriate behavior.

Public Opinion as It Relates to Abortion and Birth Control - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 879 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/10/30 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Birth Control Essay Did you like this example? Question one The issue explored from poll results is the aspect of Abortion and Birth control. What does this suggest about public opinion about the issue? Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Public Opinion as It Relates to Abortion and Birth Control" essay for you Create order Largely, public opinion and response the issue changes with differences in questions and wording used. In the first question, the citation referred to the Roe versus Wade case and the 1973 Supreme Court decision that upheld the constitutional right to abortion. The question posed to the public is to provide their view on whether they consider it the right or wrong decision, and the majority view considers it the right decision that should not be overturned. In a different context when the wording is changed and the public is required to give their view on whether the Supreme Court ought to make abortion harder than it is now or make it easier, the majority view gave a response that abortion should be made harder. In the stated example, the two questions posed to the public are similar, yet the response of the public changes with a difference of wording in the question, largely to show how public perception of an issue changes when different words are used. What does this suggest about public opinion about the issue? The frame of the question influenced the answers in the sense that the public seems to support a case that uses noble language regarding an issue they perceive to understand. The public seems to support court decisions and cases compared than if the question has been asked using noble terms. The public change in response presents the notion that the public is likely to give more accurate responses about abortion when the question is posed in a manner that is easy for them to understand from a general outlook than if the question quoted a clause in law or a clause they are uncertain about, their responses are more skewed. Can differently worded questions be used to promote different policy agendas? Largely, differently worded questions are used to promote different policy agendas. Such is accurate in the context that the wording of the question creates a different impression or meaning to the audience, creating misunderstanding or wrong perception. In this regard, the questions posed to the public should be comprehensive and clear to ensure that they understand the opinion being sought by the researcher. What message, if any, should these polls provide to policymakers? The message that the polls provide to the policy makes is that questions aimed at seeking public opinion should be elaborate and clear to them. In cases whereby, they quote a law clause of a court case, it is important to expound on such a case so that the public has a well-guided opinion on the case rather than basing their responses on guesses and assumptions. Question Two Identify the biggest differences in opinion between Millennials and older generations. The biggest difference in opinion between millennials and the older generation, referred to as the silent generation in the poll, has been noted as most significant in the issue of allowing gays and lesbians to marry legally. From the poll, 59% of millennials support same-sex marriage under the law, whereas only 33% of the older population support same-sex marriage legally. The difference in polls regarding the issue of same-sex marriage differs significantly across the generations. In particular, this difference indicates the diverse public opinions associated with perception pegged on generational gap. The role each of the following may play in contributing to these differences: Political Socialization Political socialization generates differences in public opinion to an issue in the sense that an individual will tend to support the popular view upheld by the political wing they support. Mainly, the political socialization has been considered as the process through which individuals learn and internalize the political views that shape their perception of different issues and views. In the presented case, most Americans are either Democrats or Republican. Taking an example of a position whereby Democrats would be supporting same-sex marriages legally, then an individual who considers themselves a strong Democrat would adopt the same view and position. In this regard, such views and positions are attached to political socialization and affiliation. Priming Priming has been referred to as the process via which the media address some issues and avoid others, thus altering the view of the public in the case of an issue. An extensive media campaign to support same-sex marriages legally, for example, is likely to shape the public opinion positively, and most people may be influenced to support the position held by the media. If the media was to portray same-sex marriage in a negative light, then most members of the public are likely to influence the public negatively and they may oppose the issue. Opinion Leaders Opinion leaders are regarded as influencers and decision makers, whose support or opposition to an issue largely shapes public opinion. The public may largely follow the judgment held by the opinion leader as the most popular and acceptable view. Opinion leaders are considered public influencers and they shape the view of the public regarding an issue. Bibliography Pew Research Center. Section 8: Domestic and Foreign Policy Views. 2011. Retrieved from https://www.people-press.org/2011/11/03/section-8-domestic-and-foreign-policy-views/ Polling Report, Inc. Abortion and Birth Control. 2018. Retrieved from https://www.pollingreport.com/abortion.htm